Oiling system for internal-combustion engines.



E. R. HEWITT & A. F. MASURY- OILING SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 30.1915.

Patented 0013. 19, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEETI u I I I I I fl WITNESSES %%w I I E. R. HEWITT M. F. MASURY.

OlLlNG SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR 30. I915.

Patented Oct 2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

I JIL WITNESSES W w 01 a I" l a specification, reference being had to the STATES PATENT OFFICE.

I :e. 0F mipvAL NEW JERSEY, Ann ALFRED F. MASURY, on NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORS 'ro INTERNA of Manhattan of the city N. Y., A CORPORATION OF'DELAWARE.

TIONAL MOTOR'COMPANY, OF NEW YORK,

OILING SYSTEMI FOR: IN TEBNAL-COMBU STION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented-Oct.

Application filed March 3Q, 1915. Serial No. 18,062.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that we, EDWARD R. HEW1TT and ALFRE F. MAsunY, citizens of the United States, and residents of Midvale, in the State of New Jersey,

of New York, in the State of New York, respectively, have invented certain new and useful improvementsiri Oiling Systems bustion Engines, of which the following is accompanying drawings, forming apart hereof.

This invention seeks to improve generally the oiling systems for internal combustion engines by providing devices which shallinsure the flow of oil inadequate quantities to'the points of discharge in the system, under positive pressure, shall afford a more simple and inexpensive method. of, embodying an eflicient oiling system in a gas engine at. the time the latter is built, shall permit the various elements of the system to be inspected and cleaned with the utmost facility and shall maintain the oil atall times at a temperature which will be most desirable for lubrication.

inth'e bottom of the sub-section of the crank I In accordance with Other objects, not particularly enumerated above, will appear as this description pro-, 'ceeds. p

the invention, the means for forcing the oil positively to of discharge, illustrated casing and preferably in an oil pool which may be maintained by it having been found entirely practicable to forming the sub-sectionwith a deep recess or well. The piping for distributing the oil communicates with the oil pump and is disposed wholly within thewalls of the engine casing and bearings, to be inexpensive. and cast-the oil pipes di- In the line of piping rectly in the metal.

oil reservoir which is there is disposed an also preferably cast in the walls of the casmg and opposite the engine cylinders so that the heat of the cylinders, when the motor is first .started, passes freely through the intervening walls-and heats the oil within the reservoir and the oil within the reservoir,'by reason of its hi later has a. cooling effect on' the walls of the cylinders and the water in the jackets thereand of the borough for Internal-Comgher specific heat, in turn,

of, thereby tending to prevent overheating of the motor and insuring a much" more eflicient operation thereof than has hitherto been attained. In the improved construction, the reservoir is not only so connected in the piping system as to distribute the heated lubricant to the desired point of discharge, but is also placed in communication, as through an over-flow passage, with the uslial auxiliary driven elements of the motor, such as the magneto, water pump, etc., the latter being, generally speaking, external to the motor proper. I

Reference is now to be had to the accompanying drawings for a detailed description of the invention, in which- Figure 1 is a View in front elevation of an internal combustion engine embodying the improved system, parts'being broken away to illustrate the relative disposition of 'the important elements of the system, such as the oil pump, the reservoir and the piping therebetween. Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation of the engine shown in Fig. 1 and illustrating in dotted lines the relative disposition of the elements of the improved system and a preferred arrangement of the oil distributing vpipes, parts of the casing being broken away to show certain other features. a

The present invention is not to be limited to the application of the improved oiling system to any particular type of motor but for the purposes of this description there has been illustrated a four-cylinder motor in which the system has been used successfully in practice. This motor may be indicated generally by the reference character a and may be supposed to be mounted on the side channels 6 of the chassis of an automobile. The casing of the motor in accordance'with good modern practice may be composed of three distinct sections, in the uppermost of which, 0, may be formed the 4 formed with oppositely inclined bottomwalls which slope toward a well 9' and serve to direct the oil toward this well. Comin a manner which municating with this well 9 and mounted operatively in the bottom of the sub-section is a suitable oil pump h, of any approved type, the shaft h of which may be geared operatively to the cam shaft f for the impelling of the pump. In order to protect the driving parts of the pump the intake thereto is pr ferably covered with a wire screen 71 through which the oil must pass from the sub-section g to the pump, before being forced by the latter to the reservoir,

will now be described. In the walls 9 d and c of the several sections 9, d and a, respectively, of the casing, are cast vertically disposed communicating oil pipes constituting in effect, when the parts of the casing are assembled, a single continuous conduit is, one end of which communicates with the oil pump h and the other end of which discharges into an oil reservoir Z, which may be cast integral with the cylinder walls a. The reservoir Z is divided interiorly into two compartments Z and Z by a web Z extending vertically throughout a portion of the height of the reservoir. The supply conduit is discharges into one of the compartments Z and the oil therein after it has reached a suflicient height overflows across the top of the dividing web Z and drops into the discharge chamber Z from which it escapes normally through a distributing conduit m which is also cast in the cylinder walls, in the manner described with respect to the conduit is, and leads the oil to various points of discharge, as will later appear. bers Z, Z and operatively interposed between the ends of the conduits Z0 and m is disposed a strainer n through which the oil passes before escaping to the various points of discharge and by which all foreign objects carried thereby are removed.

As has been noted before, this invention is not to be limited to any particular dispo- 1 sition of the oil distributing pipes, it being understood that these pipes will extend through the walls of the casing and through the bearings to such points of discharge as conditions of use require in the particular engine in which the system is embodied. In the accompanying drawings one efficient arrangement of distributing pipes has been illustrated, there being cast in the walls 0Z of one of the sections d, a horizontally disposed and longitudinally extending pipe 'm with which the main discharge m'commum- 'cates. From the pipe .m extend several branch pipes m which lead to such bearings within the casing as require lubricating, such as the main crank shaft bearings, one of which is illustrated in some detail at 0 in Fig. 2. It is to be noted that the branch pipes m are cast directly in the webs communicating with the hearings to which thepipes extend and discharge freely into said In one of the cham-.

magneto, the water pump, etc.

bearings, ,the oil forcing its way therethrough, in a manner which will be understood, and eventually dripping into the lowermost section g, in which it will eventually find its way again to the oil pump it, or, if desired, be retained in a splash basin for one of the crank arms'of the crank shaft. However, this invention is not concerned with the recovery of the oil other than that after it drops into the sub-section 9, it shall be available for further use. From the horizontally disposed pipe m may extend downwardly through the walls of the casing, still another distributing pipe m, which may be formed at its lower end with a horizontally disposed and longitudinally extending section on cast directly in the wall 9 of the sub-section g. Any required number of discharge ductsm may lead from the horizontally extending pipe m2 so as to permit the free outflow of oil from the pipe into the formed in the bottom of the sub-section, as

by transversely disposed webs, the ducts m will be so disposed as to maintain an adequate supply of oil in each such basin. The section m of the pipe may be plugged at its blind end by any convenient means, but it has been found less expensive to continue this pipe with an upward bend m to the upper edge of the lowermost section 9, thereby facilitating the cleaning of this section of pipe and yet'a-fi'ording a ready way of plugging the end.

The system thus far described is complete and operative in so far as the lubricating of the. various parts of the engine proper are concerned but, in practice, it will usually be found advantageous to adopt the improved system to the oiling of some or all of the auxiliary devices of the motor, such as the In attaining this end, one of the chambers Z, Z prefervoir Z, will communicate, as through an overflow pipe 3), with such devices of which, for the purposes of this description, it will be suflicient only to refer to the main driving gear 9 therefor. The invention is not concerned with the construction, arrangement ably the discharge chamber Z of the reseror interrelation of any of the auxiliary devices nor their driving connections, so no furtherreference will be made to the main driving gear q. Again, it is tobe understood that the overflow pipe may be used to lead oil to any other place of discharge, exteriorly considered with respect to the engine casing.

In use, the oil is pumped by the pump h from the bottom of the sub-section g, through the supply conduit is to the chamber Z within the tank Z. As soon as the oil reaches a sufiicient height in the chamber Z it will flow over the top of the web Z into the discharge chamber Z from whence t will pass down through the discharge pipe m and distribute itself automatically in adequate quantities through the pipes m, m m and m, all of the places ofdischarge being assured at all times ofv an adequate supply of oil. The oil which drops from the bearings 0, or other points of discharge, eventually finds its way into the bottom of the sub-section 9 and commingles with other oil which has passed thereinto through the ducts m in the pipe m and either flows to the oil pump it or else stands in a basin in the sub-section and lubricates the crank arms by the splash method, in a manner well known. When the oil supply within the discharge chamber l rises to the level of the overflow pipe p, a part .of the oil will flow down through the pipe and lubricate such parts as it comes in contact with, such as the v tlon engines comprlslng, 1n combinatlon driving gear 9, etc.

One of the important features of the present invention which is worthy of notice by itself resides inthe construction of the oil reservoir Z and its disposition with respect to the cylinder walls 0 and the water jacket 0 in said walls. When the motor is first started, the oil passin through the various.

pipes of the system a d particularly the oil which is discharged into the reservoir Z receives a great part of the heat radiated from the cylinder walls and the water in the jackets 0% In this way the temperature of the oil is rapidly raised to a point wherethe oil is most eflicacious as a lubricant, whether used under forced feed or in the splash system. However, the oil soon reaches a temperature, above which it can only be raised by a vary great amount of heat, whereas, the water inthe jacket 0 being of very much lower specific heat than the oil continues, during the operation of the motor, to increase in temperature. As is well known in the engine art, it is not desirable that the temperature of the cooling water or the temperature of the cylinder walls, should exceed a certain degree and so, by the present invention, the oil in the system, being at a lower temperature during normal operation of the motor, serves as a cooling medium and tends to prevent the temperature of the cylinder walls and cooling water from becoming exv cessive. This construction greatly increases the efliciency of operation of the motor. Again, the oil in the reservoir Z itself-constitutes a jacket for the cylinder walls 0 and the water in the jacket 0 so that when the motor is stopped it does not become cold as quickly as it would were the heat of the oil not so directed, and the subsequent starting of the motor is thereby greatly facili tated. It might also be noted that ready access to the interior of the reservoir Z is afford- 4 ed through a removable. cover 1 hingedly' carried on a lever arm 1-, which may be hinged to the engine casing, as at 11 and be engaged by a wing nut s secured pivotally to the body of the reservoir Z, thereby facilitating the removal of the cover 1* and affording a convenient means for looking the cover in place.

Throughout the foregoing description, it has been sought to indicate the latitude in the matter of details of construction, disposition of elements and relative arrangements thereof, contemplated by this invention, but it is to be reiterated here that changes in the distributing pipes, the pump and the reservoir, can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention provided all departures fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Weclaim as our invention:

1. An oiling system for internal combuswith the enginecasing, an oil pump, an oil reservoir mounted on the casing alongside the engine cylinders, whereby the heat of the cylinders and of the oil is directly in terchanged, supply conduits between the pump and the reservoir, and distributing conduits for'the oil communicating with the reservoir.

2. An oiling system for internal combus An oiling system for internal combustion engines comprising, in combination with an engine casing having a sub-section ,thereof, an oil pump disposed in the subsection, an oil reservoir carried by the casing alongside the engine cylinders, whereby the heat of the cylinders and of the oil is interchanged, supply pipes between the pump and the reservoir and distributing pipes for the oil communicating with the reservoir, all of said pipes being cast in the metal of the engine casing.

4. An oiling system for internal combustion engines comprising, in combinationwith the engine casing having a sub-section thereof, an oil pump disposed in the subsection, an oil reservoir carried by the casmg alongside the engine cylinders, whereby the heat of the cylinders and of the oil is interchanged; supply. pipes between the pump and the reservoir, distributing pipes for the oil communicating with the reservoir and extending to the bearings for the crank shaft, etc., and to the sub-section of the engine casing, all of said pipes being cast in the metal ofthe engine casing.

5. An oiling system for internal combustion engines comprising, in combination with the engine casing, an oil pump, an oil reservoir cast integral with the cylinder wallg of the engine and disposed alongside "the cylinders, whereby the heat of the cylinders and of the oil is interchanged, supply conduits between the pump and the reservoir, and distributing conduits for the oil communicating with the reservoir.

6. An oiling system for internal combustion engines comprising, in combination with the engine casing, a sub-section therefor provided with an oil well in its bottom, an oil pump disposed in the oil well and inclosed by a strainer for the oil,' an oil reservoir carried by the casing alongside the engine cylinders, whereby the heat of the cylinders and of the oil is interchanged, supply pipes cast in the walls of e engine casing and extending between the p p and the reservoir and distributing pipes for the oil communicating with the reservoir.

7. An oiling system for internal combustion engines comprising, in combination with the engine casing, an oil pump, an oil.

teriorly disposed with respect to the engine parts proper.

8. An oil reservoir cast integral'with and alongside of the cylinders of an internal combustion engine, whereby the heat of the cylinders and of the oil in the reservoir is interchanged, said reservoir being divided into communicating chambers through whichthe oil passes, and having a removable cover hingedly carried on the engine casing.

This specification signed and witnessed this 27th day of March, A. D. 1915.

EDWARD R. HEWITT. ALFRED MASURY. Signed in the presence of- I H. M. HENoRIoKsoN,

JANET C. VIVASH. 

